Scientists believe that around 150 volcanoes in the United States are active. The majority are in Alaska, with many more in Hawaii and other parts of the West. Volcanic activities are a geology occurrence, not a meteorological phenomenon, though wind may carry volcanic ash huge distances from a volcano.
Meteorologists at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) keep an eye on volcanic eruptions, track ashes in the air throughout eruptions, and provide advises and cautions about airborne ash and ashfall.
Key Risk for Aviation
Every violent volcanic activity poses a significant risk of airborne volcanic ash. Aviation contacts with ash clouds can reduce vision, force the automated flight control systems to malfunction, and lead jet engines to malfunction. To prevent volcanic ash clouds, air traffic controllers and aircrew must be alerted of volcanic activity as soon as possible. Analysts at NOAA’s Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers (VAAC) in Washington DC and Anchorage, as well as those from Center Weather Service Units (CWSU), play an important part in this undertaking.
Effects of Ashfall on Medical issues, Businesses and Infrastructure
The effects of ashfall are determined by the distance from the volcanic site, the structural features of the ash, the volume of ashfall, and the public’s preparation to react. Communities near volcano sites are most vulnerable to ashfall, although it may be a concern dozens of kilometres away after a significant outburst. Because volcanic ash is rough, it irritates the eyes and lungs.
Ashfall can inflict moderate to substantial automobile and property damage, taint water sources, disrupt drainage and electronic systems, and harm or kill plants. Since ash poses a risk to aircraft engines, impacted airports must halt until the ash is cleared. Roads near the volcano may be blocked until it has been cleared. To provide ashfall alerts and cautions, NWS Weather Forecast Offices (WFO) work with VAACs as well as other state and federal authorities.
Steps to Take Before, Through and in the Aftermath of an Event
Prior to an eruption:
Make sure that you have protective goggles and face masks in your emergency kit packs at homes, office, and in your vehicle. Each individual should have a minimum of one set.
During a volcanic eruption:
Maintain your composure.
Wear safety goggles and face masks. Breathing ash may be extremely hazardous to your health.
Stay inside.
If you are outdoors, take cover as soon as you can.
If you really must travel or drive, utilize modest speeds and keep enough of windscreen washer fluid on hand.
Moist towels should be laid at door thresholds and other drafty areas.
Following an Eruption:
Keep an eye on your preferred local news outlet for the most up-to-date information.
Obey local officials’ directions.
Continue to protect your eyes, mouth, and nose until ash has settled and been cleaned up.
